[1] Gold JE, Driban JB, Yingling VR, et al. Characterization of posture and comfort in laptop users in non-desk settings. Appl Ergon. 2012;43(2):392-399.

[2] Cary D, Briffa K, McKenna L. Identifying relationships between sleep posture and non-specific spinal symptoms in adults: A scoping review. BMJ Open. 2019;9(6):e027633.

[3] Lee SP, Hsu YT, Bair B, et al. Gender and posture are significant risk factors to musculoskeletal symptoms during touchscreen tablet computer use. J Phys Ther Sci. 2018;30(6):855-861.

[4] Kempf B, Kongsted A. Association between the side of unilateral shoulder pain and preferred sleeping position: a cross-sectional study of 83 Danish patients. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2012;35(5):407-412.

[5] Zenian J. Sleep position and shoulder pain. Med Hypotheses. 2010;74(4):639–643.

[6] Pickenbrock H, Ludwig VU, Zapf A. Support pressure distribution for positioning in neutral versus conventional positioning in the prevention of decubitus ulcers: a pilot study in healthy participants. BMC Nurs. 2017;16:60.

[7] Pickenbrock H, Ludwig VU, Zapf A, et al. Conventional versus neutral positioning in central neurological disease: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015;112(3):35-42.

[8] Kim HC, Jun HS, Kim JH, et al. The Effect of Different Pillow Heights on the Parameters of Cervicothoracic Spine Segments. Korean J Spine. 2015;12(3):135–138.

[9] Lee WH, Ko MS. Effect of sleep posture on neck muscle activity. J Phys Ther Sci. 2017;29(6):1021-1024.

[10] Douglas EC, Gallagher KM. The influence of a semi-reclined seated posture on head and neck kinematics and muscle activity while reading a tablet computer. Appl Ergon. 2017;60:342–347.

[11] Douglas EC, Gallagher KM. A radiographic investigation of cervical spine kinematics when reading a tablet in a reclined trunk position. Appl Ergon. 2018;70:104-109.

[12] Shan Z, Deng G, Li J, et al. Correlational analysis of neck/shoulder pain and low back pain with the use of digital products, physical activity and psychological status among adolescents in Shanghai. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e78109.

[13] Bento TPF, Cornelio GP, Perrucini PO, et al. Low back pain in adolescents and association with sociodemographic factors, electronic devices, physical activity and mental health. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2019 Sep 30. [Epub ahead of print]

[14] Edgcombe H, Carter K, Yarrow S. Anaesthesia in the prone position. Br J Anaesth. 2008;100(2):165-183.

[15] Yang CY, Wang JC. An unusual case of rapidly progressed cervical compression myelopathy caused by overnight inappropriate usage of Smartphone device. J Clin Neurosci. 2017;39:82-84.

[16] Choi JH, Li Y, Kim SH, et al. The influences of smartphone use on the status of the tear film and ocular surface. PLoS One. 2018;13(10):e0206541.

[17] Bababekova Y, Rosenfield M, Hue JE, et al. Font size and viewing distance of handheld smart phones. Optom Vis Sci. 2011;88(7):795-797.

[18] Yoshimura M, Kitazawa M, Maeda Y, et al. Smartphone viewing distance and sleep: an experimental study utilizing motion capture technology. Nat Sci Sleep. 2017;9:59-65.

[19] Coles-Brennan, Chantal & Sulley, Anna & Young, Graeme. Management of digital eye strain. Clinical and Experimental Optometry. 2018;102. 10.1111/cxo.12798.

[20] Long J, Cheung R, Duong S, et al. Viewing distance and eyestrain symptoms with prolonged viewing of smartphones. Clin Exp Optom. 2017;100(2):133–137.

[21] Beatriz Antona, Ana Rosa Barrio, Adriana Gascó, et al. Symptoms associated with reading from a smartphone in conditions of light and dark. Applied Ergonomics. 2018;68:12-17.

[22] Alim-Marvasti A, Bi W, Mahroo OA, et al. Transient Smartphone "Blindness". N Engl J Med. 2016;374(25):2502-2504.

[23] Hasan CA, Hasan F, Mahmood Shah SM. Transient Smartphone Blindness: Precaution Needed. Cureus. 2017;9(10):e1796.